On the history of Latgale and on outstanding personalities in thinking

When 99 years ago, 18 December 1918. In November, the celebration of Latvian national independence was held in Riga, due to the occupation of Latgale, only one Latgale representative – Stanislavs Kambala. He is seen in the first row of a photographer in the famous photograph of Viv Ridzenieka, in which the state of the country is enriched at the national theatre. On the evening of public holidays, November 11, St. In Cambalas's homeland, Rēzekne Municipality of Lendžu parish, a conference was held on “The contribution of Staņislava Kambalas to the historic processes of Latgale”, which gathered historians, literates, as well as a large crowd of stakeholders to talk about both this interesting, versatile but little known personality, and the time in which he lived and worked, the time in which significant historical events were held that changed Latgale and Latvia's fate.
The conference was organised BY Lendžu parish administration with financial support from the National Cultural Capital Latgale programme and the municipality of Rezekne.
At the conference, there was a familiar historian: Dr. hist. Valters Scherbinskis (Latvian politics of Latgale and interwar), Dr hist. Vladislavs Malahovskis (land question in Latgale), cartograph, mg. arh. Andra Zubko - Melne (local administration in the context of territorial reforms), mg. arh. Kaspars Strods (Representation of Latgale issues in the publications of Dryva and Liauja Bolss), literates: Dr. philol. Valentin Lukashevich (a marginal story about Staņislava Kambalu), Sandra Udre and Juoņs Ryuchan (Coopigais i atcherigais newspaabyr S. Kambalys i F. Kempa biographer). Unfortunately, the rapporteur, Dr hist, was unable to participate in the disease. Inese Runce and writer Inga Abel.
Stanislav Kambala born on June 12, 1893, after a new style, on 24 June, the municipality of Rēzekne, Kuļņevas parish (now Lendžu parish area), a farmer in the family of Anton Kambala. 1914. The Petersburg Catholic Seminar was finished, but the priest's path is not chosen. 1914. 31 December of the year In July, he was raised in a soldier, graduating from the Oranienbauma Propsychic School, raised in the rank of the prophecy service. No. 52. In the Siberian Release, from 1917. Year 2. Riga Latvian riflemen. After demobilisation, he was active in Latgale's temporary land council. As a representative of Latgale, he participated in the organisation of the Latvian Interim Council. During the German occupation of 1918. He worked in the Rēzekne District and was a master of Latvian teacher courses. During the reign of lielinieku in Latgale's temporary land council, arrested, placed in Cēsis Prison, was released after extinguishment of the witnesses. He was a member of the secretary-general of the Council of the People's Council, acting in the Central Election and Designations of the Constitutional Assembly in the Commission. 1919. In October of the year, as representative OF the Council of the People'S Council, MR Zalis, the Latvian delegation headed BY Z. Meierovica, was sent to Poland and Lithuania in search of aid for the fight against Bermont troops. From 1920. Member of the Constitutional Assembly of the year from the Latgalian peasant party. Was Vice-President OF the Constitutional Meeting II. Participated in the establishment of Latgale Farmers Party. Created and up to 1920. He directed the newspaper “Latgalites”. Studied law at the University of Latvia. From 1923. Member of the Council of the Latvian Bank of Latvia. 1925 - 1926 - Managing director of Latgale stock bank. 1926. 1. 1. Appointed as a member of the Bank of Latvia in November. Later economic employee, owner of Liten mill. In addition to the public and political activities, Staņislavs Kambala has been an active publicist. Written for the newspapers “Zemgale news” and “Latgola Vacrds”. Also published with pseudonym. He also acted as a linguist - in 1918, his work “Revision of the Latgalian Spelling Consultation”, 1921 and 1922, “Latgale Muslim Grammar Latgale” was published. He received the Order OF the three Star IV of Latvia for his merits.
Died in Riga in December 1941. Buried in Riga St. Michelel's grave.
(Latgalian politicians and political parties in the independent Latvia, compilers Erik Jçkabson and Walter Scherbinski, Jumava, 2006)
Although historical processes were more discussed in the conference papers than the personality of Kambala himself and his contribution, it was, directly or indirectly, that there was an edge from St. Kambalas biographies. So, Cartography Andra Zubko Melne, speaking about the local names, distinguished some myths, why St. Kambalas's place of birth is mentioned in various sources of history. Latgale 19. Mr G. was two-tier municipalities, both parish and rural Community (сельское общество) so St. Kambala was born in the province of Vitebsk province, Rēzekne District, Kļņevas parish.
Andra said in her exciting narrative that the placewords are lonely and fragile at the same time. The spelling of the placeholders, each power, tried to apply to his own understanding, in Latgale they are both Russian and translated, distorting their meaning and essence. It took place in the place of Igna, Sineuoya – Zilupe, Lyuzinyki – Luzenieki, Kisels – Kixels, Kucinis – puppies, etc. However, more sadness is the story of the extinction of small villages and the disappearance of their names from the Latvian map. For example, THERE are 40 villages in THE parish OF Lendžu and 3 of them are not declared by any resident.
The name of the sentiment (struggle, solys) in Latgale has been the principal place of origin and the basic element of economic life. The single appeared in 19. At the end of the century, most of them were the luthericious Vidzeme peasants who were allowed to buy land in Latgale. The passage continued until 1937 and was more analysed by Dr. hist. Vladislavs Malahovskis, on earth Reform Latgale. The farming system and the lack of free land affected the economic development of Latgale and the consequences of it are, directly or indirectly, felt today. XX. G. In the 20 –30 s, when the population density in Latgale was 30-40 people on the kv.km, the lack of land was dealt with both through the passage of farm workers, the transfer of farmers to Kurzeme and Vidzeme, the drainage of lake Luban lake. In Latgale, however, small farms were predominantly dominated by 10-12 ha, but there were also 3-5 ha of farms.
Museum of Latgale Culture History in mg. arh. Kaspars Strods invited the publication of two Latgale newspapers - “Dryva” and “Liauja Bolss”, which reflect the preparation and conduct of Latgale Congress, discussions between the defenders and opponents of the merger. So, “Dryva” 1916 12. In October, Francis Kemp warns that we are too different, and that we don't need to hurry with the marriages: “Vitebskime is going to make a sow knife.” He had the same newspaper in 1916. 23. In November, Francis Tradog, later Kazimir Skrinda. 1917. 5. In April, “Liauja Balss” starts to come out, 6. In the May Room Fr. Kemp describes Latgale Congress. This newspaper who expressed the Fr. Kemp and his companions were not long.
“History is interesting, but with history we must be sensible,” – its report on the political spectrum interwar in Latvia, including Latgale, concluded a guest from Riga, Dr hist. Valters Ščerbinskis, one of the authors of the encyclopedia “Latgalian politicians and political party independent Latvia”. Political spectrum in Latvia 30. It was very diverse at first, 1928. Representatives from 27 parties were elected in the Saeima. According to ideological trends, they could be divided into the right (the Latvian farmers' Union), the centrists (the democratic centre party) and the left (LSDSP), as well as the various small parties, populists, etc. The Latgalian parties included regional parties, among which the Saeima had both conservative politicians – A. Pastors, J. Ranans, S. Ivbulis, progresists – Fr. Tradog, J. Paulz, St. Volont, socialists – Janis Opincan, Janis Ankipans, populists – Fr. Login. Admittedly, 20-30 years There was no more important issue in Latgale, which was discussed in the Congress of Rezekne (language, faith), but economic interests that combine Latgalians with the rest of the county politicians. An important aspect of the interwar in the political processes of Latvia was the establishment of Carl Ulmanis's authoritarian regime on 15 May 1934, which completely transformed the Latvian state. Less known are opposition attempts for Ulmanis mode – Fr. The iron legion created by Kempa and the so-called Latgale ultimatum for the country and the Prime Minister, which was an unprecedented document.
Valentin Lukashevich, Sandra Udre, was more touched by the marginal St. The biographical and personality dimensions of Kambala. It turns out that St. Kambala was also a linguist, taking part in the Latgalian orthography Commission, issuing his grammar, which includes more THAN Bērzgales and Lendžu features of Latgalian language. An interesting personality was Stanislava Kambala's spouse Texas Kambala (b. Vaidere) - a lady of society, a salon lion, or a Latgalian Emily Benjamin, often mentioned in yellow press columns. As MR Lukashevics noted, it is interesting that St. In his autobiography, Kambala does not mention the fact that he had participated in historical events such as Latgale's congression and public proclamation, but rather emphasizes the escape from the prison prison.
Several members of the Cambals family, both from Stanislava's brother and sister, took part in the conference. It should be noted that one of the most famous representatives of this family is the world-familiar basketball player Kaspars Kambala, the grandson of Stanislava's brother Donota.
We are often accustomed to seeing history as a chess table with figures and fields - white - black, king - lady, Tradog – Kemp, etc., but history is never black and white, it has so much nuance and random. Actor Vilis Daudzins, who reproduces the main role in Uldis Network's work on the new Riga Theatre “Last Lenin Fruit”, in an interview to “Day” of the newspaper “Day of Culture” (2017. 10.11.) says the words of reflection: "we must constantly confront the interpretations, constantly faced with a selective choice of facts that helps us live. We have always made the most convenient of a vast range of history events and facts to formulate themselves in their own time, place, land. 'It is hoped that this conference will be followed by a follow-up to Latvia's centennial year to explore and explore the history of our municipality and its excellent personalities.
Anna Rancāne
Photo: Anna Rancāne, Sylvia Kipļuk
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